22 Top Selenium Interview Questions and Answers for 2023

Posted by Rajakumar N on April 27th, 2023

1. What is Selenium, and why is it used in automation testing?

Selenium is an open-source automation testing tool used for testing web applications. It is used to automate repetitive tasks, increase test coverage, and reduce testing time.

2. What are the different components of Selenium?

Selenium is composed of four main components: Selenium IDE, Selenium WebDriver, Selenium Grid, and Selenium RC.

3. What is the difference between Selenium WebDriver and Selenium RC?

Selenium WebDriver is a more advanced version of Selenium RC, which supports a more powerful programming interface and interacts more efficiently with web pages.

4. What is the difference between findElement and findElements methods in Selenium WebDriver?

The findElement method returns the first matching element on the web page, while the findElements method returns a list of all matching elements.

5. What are some of the different types of locators used in Selenium WebDriver?

Some of the different types of locators used in Selenium WebDriver include ID, name, class name, tag name, link text, and partial link text.

6. How do you handle dynamic elements in Selenium WebDriver?

You can handle dynamic elements in Selenium WebDriver by using the explicit wait method, which waits for a certain condition to be met before executing the next command.

7. What are some of the different types of waits used in Selenium WebDriver?

Some of the different types of waits used in Selenium WebDriver include implicit waits, explicit waits, and fluent waits.

8. What is the difference between an implicit wait and an explicit wait in Selenium WebDriver?

An implicit wait is a global wait that is applied to all elements in the web page, while an explicit wait is applied to a specific element.

9. What is a page object model, and how is it used in Selenium WebDriver?

A page object model is a design pattern used in Selenium WebDriver to create an object repository for a web page. It is used to create a separate class for each web page, which contains all the web elements and their methods.

10. What is a testNG framework, and how is it used in Selenium?

TestNG is a testing framework used in Selenium to manage and run test cases. It provides advanced features like parallel test execution, data-driven testing, and test reporting.

11. How do you handle alerts in Selenium WebDriver?

You can handle alerts in Selenium WebDriver by using the Alert interface, which has methods for accepting, dismissing, and getting the text of an alert.

12. How do you handle frames in Selenium WebDriver?

You can handle frames in Selenium WebDriver by switching the focus to the frame using the switchTo() method.

13. What is a headless browser, and how is it used in Selenium?

A headless browser is a browser without a graphical user interface. It is used in Selenium for testing web applications without the need for a physical browser window.

14. What is a WebDriver manager, and how is it used in Selenium?

A WebDriver manager is a tool used in Selenium to manage the installation and updates of web drivers for different browsers.

15. What is the difference between absolute and relative Xpath in Selenium WebDriver?

Absolute Xpath is the complete path of an element from the root node, while relative Xpath is the path of an element from the current node.

16. How do you handle dropdowns in Selenium WebDriver?

You can handle dropdowns in Selenium WebDriver by using the Select class, which has methods for selecting an option by value, index, or visible text.

17. How do you handle checkboxes in Selenium WebDriver?

You can handle checkboxes in Selenium WebDriver by using the click() method to toggle the checkbox status.

18. How do you handle multiple windows in Selenium WebDriver?

You can handle multiple windows in Selenium WebDriver by using the getWindowHandles() method to get the handles of all open windows, and then switch to the desired window using the switchTo() method.

19. What is a DesiredCapabilities class in Selenium WebDriver, and how is it used?

The DesiredCapabilities class is used in Selenium WebDriver to set the desired capabilities of a web driver instance, such as the browser name, version, platform, and other settings.

20. How do you handle SSL certificate errors in Selenium WebDriver?

You can handle SSL certificate errors in Selenium WebDriver by setting the acceptSslCerts capability to true in the DesiredCapabilities class.

21. How do you run Selenium tests in parallel?

You can run Selenium tests in parallel by using Selenium Grid or by using a testing framework like TestNG, which has built-in support for parallel test execution.

22. What is continuous integration, and how is it used with Selenium?

Continuous integration is a development practice where code changes are automatically tested and integrated into the main codebase. It is used with Selenium to ensure that code changes do not break existing functionality and to detect defects early in the development cycle. Tools like Jenkins and Travis CI can be used for continuous integration with Selenium. 

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